Back in 1941, the year of my birth, fascism stood on the brink of conquering the world.  Fortunately, a titanic struggle turned the tide, producing a postwar international order committed to promoting democratic institutions, improving living and working conditions for all people, and, through the United Nations, saving future generations "from the scourge of war."  But, in recent years, fascist movements and parties -- adopting the old Radical Right playback of racism, xenophobia, and militarism -- have made a dramatic revival in numerous nations.